@oasisprotocol/sapphire-paratime makes it easy to port your dapp to the Sapphire ParaTime
by wrapping your existing ethers.Provider/window.ethereum/web3.providers.*.
Once you wrap your provider, you can use Sapphire just like you would use Ethereum.
If your dapp doesn't port in under 10 minutes, it's a bug!
If you have more than a little trouble, please file an issue.
There should be no reason not to use the Sapphire ParaTime!
After installing this library, find your Ethereum provider and wrap it using sapphire.wrap.
Below are some examples for the most kinds of providers.
Try the @oasisprotocol/sapphire-hardhat Hardhat plugin for extra convenience.
Place this line at the top of your hardhat.config.ts.
import '@oasisprotocol/sapphire-hardhat';
// All other Hardhat plugins must come below.
import { ethers } from 'ethers';
import * as sapphire from '@oasisprotocol/sapphire-paratime';
// In the browser via `window.ethereum`.
const signer = sapphire.wrap(
new ethers.providers.Web3Provider(window.ethereum).getSigner(),
);
// In Node via `ethers.Wallet`.
const signer = sapphire
.wrap(new ethers.Wallet('0x0a5155afec0de...'))
.connect(ethers.getDefaultProvider(sapphire.NETWORKS.testnet.defaultGateway));
// Just a provider, no signer.
const provider = sapphire.wrap(
ethers.getDefaultProvider(sapphire.NETWORKS.testnet.defaultGateway),
);
import Web3 from 'web3';
import * as sapphire from '@oasisprotocol/sapphire-paratime';
web3.setProvider(sapphire.wrap(web3.currentProvider));
import * as sapphire from '@oasisprotocol/sapphire-paratime';
const provider = sapphire.wrap(window.ethereum);
window.ethereum = sapphire.wrap(window.ethereum); // If you're feeling bold.
Error: missing provider (operation="getChainId", code=UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION, ...)Explanation: When you first make a transaction or call using a wrapped signer or provider,
this library will automatically fetch the runtime public key from the Web3 gateway
using your connected provider. If you've wrapped just a signer (e.g., ethers.Wallet),
then you'll see this error.
Fix: The simplest thing to do is connect a provider. Alternatively, you can pass in
a pre-initialized Cipher object as the second argument to wrap; and then also generate
signed queries manually using the overrides parameter to SignedCallDataPack.make. This
latter approach is not recommended except for the most custom of use cases, however.
Explanation: The default behavior of the Sapphire ParaTime compatibility library is to
sign calls such that msg.sender can be authenticated during eth_call and eth_estimateGas.
This is useful for methods in contracts that do identity-based access control. For better UX
in the browser, you should only make signed calls when necessary.
Fix: The Sapphire ParaTime compat lib will not sign calls when the from address is
address(0). For Web3.js you can pass { from: 0x${'0'.repeat(40)} } as the final arg
to Contract.method().call (ref). For Ethers.js please read the next section.
Contract with a Signer cannot override from (operation="overrides.from", code=UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION, ...)Explanation: Ethers prevents overriding from when using a Signer for safety reasons.
Fix: Create a new Contract instance but do not connect it to a signer–just a provider.
Use that for unsigned queries instead.
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